In this blog post, we will create a simple 5-card draw poker game in Python using the
asyncio library. The 💳 game will allow 2 to 4 players to play without a betting aspect,
but it will determine a winner based 💳 on their poker hands. The main purpose of using
the asyncio library in this example is to familiarize ourselves with 💳 asynchronous
programming concepts, even though our game does not require concurrent
execution.
Asynchronous programming is a programming paradigm that allows multiple
💳 tasks to be performed concurrently without waiting for one task to finish before
starting the next one. This is particularly 💳 useful in situations where tasks involve
I/O-bound operations, such as reading from a file or making network requests, which can
💳 take a significant amount of time. The asyncio library is an essential component of
asynchronous programming in Python. It provides 💳 an event loop, coroutines, and other
utilities that enable developers to write efficient, non-blocking code, significantly
improving the performance and 💳 responsiveness of applications, particularly in
networking and web-based contexts.
In this tutorial, we will leverage the asyncio
library to create a 💳 simple poker game, demonstrating the power and flexibility of
asynchronous programming in Python.
Requirements:
Python 3.7+
Step 1: Importing
necessary libraries and defining 💳 the dataclasses
First, let's import the required
libraries and define our dataclasses for Card, Rank, Suit, and GameState:
import
asyncio import random 💳 from collections import Counter from dataclasses import dataclass
from enum import Enum , auto from typing import List , Tuple 💳 class Suit ( Enum ):
SPADES = "♠" HEARTS = "♥" DIAMONDS = "♦" CLUBS = "♣" class Rank ( 💳 Enum ): TWO = 2 THREE
= 3 FOUR = 4 FIVE = 5 SIX = 6 SEVEN = 7 💳 EIGHT = 8 NINE = 9 TEN = 10 JACK = 11 QUEEN =
12 KING = 13 ACE = 💳 14 @ dataclass class Card : suit : Suit rank : Rank def __str__ (
self ): return f " 💳 { self . rank . name . capitalize () }{ self . suit . value } " @
dataclass class 💳 GameState : deck : List [ Card ] players : List [ List [ Card ]] Enter
fullscreen mode Exit 💳 fullscreen mode
Step 2: Implementing the deck creation and
shuffling functions
Now, let's create a function to create a deck of cards 💳 and another
function to shuffle the deck using asyncio:
def create_deck () -> List [ Card ]: return
[ Card ( 💳 suit , rank ) for suit in Suit for rank in Rank ] async def shuffle_deck (
deck : List 💳 [ Card ]) -> List [ Card ]: await asyncio . sleep ( 0 ) # simulating
asynchronous behavior random 💳 . shuffle ( deck ) return deck Enter fullscreen mode Exit
fullscreen mode
Step 3: Dealing and ranking hands
Next, we need 💳 to implement a function
to deal cards from the deck and a function to rank the hands of the players:
async 💳 def
deal_cards ( game_state : GameState , num_cards : int ) -> List [ Card ]: new_cards =
[] for 💳 _ in range ( num_cards ): card = game_state . deck . pop () new_cards . append (
card ) 💳 return new_cards def rank_hand ( hand : List [ Card ]) -> Tuple [ int , List [
int ]]: 💳 ranks = sorted ([ card . rank . value for card in hand ], reverse = True )
suits = 💳 [ card . suit for card in hand ] rank_counts = Counter ( ranks ) is_flush = len
( set 💳 ( suits )) == 1 is_straight = len ( set ( ranks )) == 5 and max ( ranks ) 💳 - min (
ranks ) == 4 # Determine hand rank based on poker hand rankings # ... (refer to 💳 the
previous code snippets for the full rank_hand function) Enter fullscreen mode Exit
fullscreen mode
Step 4: Drawing cards and playing 💳 the game
Now, let's add the
functionality to draw new cards after discarding and the main game loop:
async def
draw_cards ( 💳 game_state : GameState , player_idx : int , discard_indices : List [ int
]) -> None : player_hand = game_state 💳 . players [ player_idx ] for index in sorted (
discard_indices , reverse = True ): del player_hand [ index 💳 ] new_cards = await
deal_cards ( game_state , len ( discard_indices )) game_state . players [ player_idx ]
= player_hand 💳 + new_cards async def play_game ( num_players : int ) -> None : deck =
await shuffle_deck ( create_deck ()) 💳 game_state = GameState ( deck = deck , players =
[[] for _ in range ( num_players )]) for i 💳 in range ( num_players ): game_state .
players [ i ] = await deal_cards ( game_state , 5 ) for 💳 i , player_hand in enumerate (
game_state . players ): print ( f "Player { i + 1 } 's 💳 hand: { ', ' . join ( str ( card
) for card in player_hand ) } " ) for 💳 i in range ( num_players ): discard_indices =
input ( f "Player { i + 1 } , enter the 💳 indices of the cards to discard (0-4, separated
by spaces): " ) discard_indices = [ int ( index ) for 💳 index in discard_indices . split
()] await draw_cards ( game_state , i , discard_indices ) for i , player_hand in
💳 enumerate ( game_state . players ): print ( f "Player { i + 1 } 's final hand: { ', 💳 ' .
join ( str ( card ) for card in player_hand ) } " ) hand_ranks = [ rank_hand 💳 ( hand )
for hand in game_state . players ] max_rank = max ( hand_ranks ) winner_idx =
hand_ranks . 💳 index ( max_rank ) print ( f "Player { winner_idx + 1 } wins with a { ', '
. 💳 join ( str ( card ) for card in game_state . players [ winner_idx ]) } !" ) Enter
fullscreen 💳 mode Exit fullscreen mode
Step 5: Running the game
Finally, let's add the
main function to run the game:
if __name__ == "__main__" 💳 : num_players = int ( input (
"Enter the number of players (2-4): " )) while not ( 2 <= 💳 num_players <= 4 ):
num_players = int ( input ( "Enter a valid number of players (2-4): " )) asyncio 💳 . run
( play_game ( num_players )) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode
Now, save the
code in a file named 💳 poker.py and run it using the following command:
python3 poker.py
Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode
Congratulations! You've created a simple
5-card 💳 draw poker game in Python using the asyncio library. Although the primary
purpose was to familiarize ourselves with asynchronous programming, 💳 the game can be
further extended and improved with additional features, such as betting, improved user
interface, or even networked 💳 multiplayer capabilities.
Happy coding and enjoy playing
poker!
